The Montréal Review | Books, Art, Culture, Philosophy



 THE LATEST

CLASH OF THE TITANS: CAMUS AND SARTRE

BY PAUL B. DONOVAN

Paul B. Donovan looks at the structural fracture between Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre, showing how their opposing positions on ideology, historical necessity, and political alignment drove a wedge through the post-war European avant-garde. The text places Camus's insistence on immediate human solidarity alongside Sartre's systematized, cerebral doctrines, demonstrating how their private friction became the catalyst for their most vital work. Donovan follows the arc of this rivalry to its conclusion, observing how each man’s final years and legacy bore out the terms of their fundamental dispute.


IRAN’S REGIME: THE GUARDIANSHIP OF THE ULEMA

BY AHMET T. KURU

As mounting internal dissent and external pressures strain Iran’s theocratic regime, the foundational concept of velayat-e faqih—the rule of the Islamic jurist—faces a deep institutional crisis. Political scientist Ahmet T. Kuru analyzes how the state’s enforcement of religious authority has backfired, fueling a widespread disillusionment with religion among the Iranian public. Drawing a line back to early Islamic history, when prominent scholars fiercely protected their independence from rulers, Kuru shows that a breakdown of Iran's clerical state could open the door to a major secular shift across the Muslim world.


OY, CANADA!

BY ANDREW STARK

Andrew Stark finds an unexpected, comedic mirror for the twin currents of Jewish identity—bravado and self-reproach—within the polite yet punishing landscape of Canadian national character. Blending sharp cultural criticism with wry memoir, he looks at what Allen Ginsberg, Brian Mulroney, Judith Shklar, David Gergen, and his school teachers taught him about possessing chutzpah in a land built on self-deprecation.


THE GREAT WAR OF CHOICE

BY MARK C. JENSEN

In his review of Nick Lloyd’s The Eastern Front, Mark C. Jensen looks past the familiar mud and trenches of the Western Front to examine the fluid, catastrophic conflict that tore apart Eastern Europe and dissolved three empires. He shows how these self-inflicted "wars of choice" quickly escaped the control of their architects, driven to ruin not by a lack of battlefield courage, but by the unglamorous, systemic failure of boots, food, and bullets. The result is a sharp, quiet warning for our own time about the dangerous illusion that any leader can truly control the trajectory of a war once they unleash it.


VIN ORDINAIRE: CARTOGRAPHY AND THICK TRAVEL

BY NIELS LEE

Niels Lee contrasts the superficiality of modern tourism with the deep, localized engagement of 'thick travel' and urban cartography. Moving through the literary traditions of Istanbul flâneurs like Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar and Sait Faik, alongside contemporary figures like Garnette Cadogan and Chris Arnade, Lee argues that true cultural fluency is found not in commercial hotspots, but in the mundane rhythms of everyday neighborhoods. In the end, the piece challenges readers to look past curated travel expectations and instead embrace the humble, unpredictable realities—the vin ordinaire—of the places they visit.


SUDDENLY I’M OLD AND DEATH APPROACHES

BY C. FRED ALFORD

C. Fred Alford contrasts Erik Erikson’s belief that a well-lived life culminates in 'integrity' with Ernest Becker’s unsparing view that civilization is merely a vital lie masking the terror of non-being. Rather than a detached academic exercise, Alford uses his own experiences with aging to explore how standard psychological defenses and the concept of 'ego integrity' ultimately fracture when facing immediate proximity to the end. He concludes by following Becker’s own deathbed realization, suggesting that when these psychological boundaries fail, the final refuge from the meaninglessness of death requires a turn toward the 'transcendent.'


THE WEST, PERSIA AND AI: WHAT KIND OF FREEDOM DO WE SEEK?

BY JOHN BELL

John Bell traces the historical friction between Western individualism and the 'indigenous politics' of the Middle East, finding that both sides are currently fueled by a stale mimicry of the past. He warns that while empires clash over territory and identity, we are sleepwalking into a 'new dispensation' of AI that threatens to flatten human character in exchange for digital ease. In the end, this essay suggests that true liberty is not found in systems or screens, but in the 'blood, sweat, and tears' of taking individual responsibility for our own purpose.


MEMOIRS AND CONFESSIONS OF A PUBLISHING SCOUNDREL

BY ROBERT CROSSLEY

In this witty and introspective essay, Robert Crossley reflects on the “scoundrelly” business of life-writing, recounting his decade-long journey as the biographer of the visionary but long-neglected philosopher Olaf Stapledon. Crossley traces his path from an archival discovery of letters to H.G. Wells to his unfettered access to a "cluttered shrine" of a study in a remote English village, where he navigated the delicate ethical boundaries between a researcher’s curiosity and a family’s trust. What emerges is a poignant meditation on the biographer’s craft—part detective story and part ghoulish excavation—that explores the enduring difficulty of reconciling the ordinariness of a man with the vastness of his imagination.


SUPREME ENLIGHTENMENT: DEMYSTIFYING BUDDHISM’S GREATEST MYSTERY

BY DAVID COMFORT

David Comfort cuts through the commercial noise of modern "prosperity gurus" to explore the silent, paradoxical heart of true spiritual awakening. By examining the ancient "Ungraspables" of Zen and the Buddha’s own refusal to define the inexpressible, the piece challenges us to look past the "finger pointing at the moon" and see the reality of our own minds. Is enlightenment a supernatural transformation reserved for a mystical elite, or is it simply a return to the natural, uncluttered awareness we’ve possessed all along?


A POETICS OF HIROSHIMA

BY WILLIAM HEYEN

Imperial Air Force pilot Sachio Ashida, unable
to fly over the burning city to report
to his superiors what had happened to it,
landed his plane, borrowed a bicycle,
& pedaled into it. He’d remember
a woman in front of her smoldering home,
a bucket on her arm. Inside the bucket
was a baby’s head. The woman’s daughter
had been killed when the bomb fell...


GOODBYE ABU DHABI

BY DEBORAH KAPCHAN

Deborah Kapchan reflects on her departure from Abu Dhabi as the "drums of war" beat across the Persian Gulf. She observes the uneasy calm of a city where luxury and daily routine mask a growing sense of geopolitical dread. Her narrative captures a final look at a desert state waiting to see what the horizon holds.


FREEDOM IN A WORLD TOO HOT

BY GIORGIO FONTANA

Giorgio Fontana argues that our traditional ideas of freedom are being eroded by a rapidly warming planet that fuels inequality and forced migration. He challenges the "Grand Inquisitor" temptation to trade individual liberty for authoritarian climate control, suggesting instead that we must move past selfish individualism toward a shared sense of responsibility. Ultimately, Fontana calls for a new political imagination that treats the protection of our environment not as a restriction on freedom, but as the only way to preserve it.


DAEDALUS: A PROTOCOL FOR TOWNS AND CITIES

BY STEVE DAVIDSON

Steve Davidson talks about why some urban spaces flourish while others fall into decay, tracing the difference back to intentional design choices rather than chance. The article introduces a "twelve-step recovery program" for municipalities, pointing out essential features such as broad avenues, water elements, and public parks that contribute to a city's collective well-being. By looking at historical and modern examples, Davidson gives a set of tools for residents and leaders to evaluate their own environments and pursue a higher standard of civic beauty.


THE RYOANJI ROCK GARDEN REVISITED

BY PAUL SCHOLLMEIER

Paul Schollmeier observes how a subtle shift in raking technique has transformed the ancient rock garden at the Ryoanji temple into a study of fixity and fluidity. By augmenting the gravel ripples surrounding clusters of rock, the garden now suggests a "dynamic stasis" in which its rock clusters, though stationary, appear simultaneously to sink into and to rise out of a shifting sea of change. Do these rocks with their stillness reveal the true nature of our own wandering minds, or are we simply witnessing a fixed moment in fleeting world? 


SÉANCES ON THE MOSCOW RIVER – THOMAS MORE AND NICCOLÒ MACHIAVELLI

BY MICHAEL JACKSON

Michael Jackson looks at the strange ways the Soviet regime used the past to justify its power, starting with the enshrinement of Thomas More as a socialist hero on a Kremlin monument. While More’s vision of a property-free society was used to build a revolutionary myth, the regime later turned the reputation of Niccolò Machiavelli into a symbol of treachery to destroy its own founders. The essay shows how these Renaissance ghosts were summoned during the Great Purge, specifically when Lev Kamenev’s scholarly work on Machiavelli was used by prosecutors as a death warrant.


GIFTED

BY JAMES SCRUTON

James Scruton remembers a slim paperback poetry anthology from junior high that unexpectedly changed the course of his life. He describes how its direct, honest look at the world showed him that poems could be about basketball and garden hoses rather than just dusty, distant subjects. This essay explores how one book can stay with a person for decades, eventually becoming a map for their entire future.


FOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT MOSES

BY SAM MAGAVERN

How can a leader defined by his own temper and a stuttering tongue still guide a people toward a better future? By asking four key questions about the life of Moses—from his upbringing in an Egyptian palace to his Hebrew roots—Magavern shows how the "promised land" can be reimagined, as it was by Martin Luther King, Jr., not as a physical territory but as a shared pursuit of justice and equity.


AMIDST THE HUGE CRISIS OF CAPITALOCENE

BY DARKO SUVIN

Darko Suvin presents a rigorous critique of our current ecological era, arguing that the planetary crisis is not a general human failure but a direct consequence of the "Capitalocene" and its relentless drive for accumulation. Through a blend of political philosophy, history, and social theory, Suvin dissects how the commodification of nature and labor has led to a systemic breakdown that threatens the very foundations of life.


SPEAK, [FALSE] MEMORY: THE POETICS OF IMAGINATION

BY JO SARZOTTI

Jo Sarzotti explores how our minds can trick us into remembering things that never actually happened, like a movie scene that doesn't exist. She shows us that these false memories' are actually a type of poetry that helps us make sense of our own lives. Can we ever really trust our past, or is everything we remember just a story we told ourselves?


ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VS. NATURAL STUPIDITY

BY MIKHAIL EPSTEIN

In this provocative essay, Mikhail Epstein explores the striking paradox of our era: why did we create a super-intelligent "artificial" mind at the exact moment our own "natural" reason seems to be failing? Moving beyond the typical fears of a robot takeover, he suggests that AI might actually be the "Cunning of Reason" that saves humanity from its own destructive instincts and medieval prejudices. Could the very technology we fear as an alien threat actually be the partner we need to evolve from a world of conflict into a new age of collective wisdom?


BREAKERS AT MARCONI BEACH, CAPE COD

BY JIM TILLEY

Whether he is calculating the distance to a goal, observing a trick of light in the sky, or watching the tide at Marconi Beach, Tilley finds steady meaning in small, everyday moments. This thoughtful collection of poems feels grounded, approachable and deeply human.


ON THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM

BY PHILIP GOFF AND TONY SOBRADO

Philip Goff looks at the quiet mystery of the human mind and how it fits into the material world. He shares the idea that consciousness isn't just a fluke of the brain, but a fundamental part of the universe from the ground up. This conversation offers a clear and thoughtful way to rethink our connection to everything around us.


WHY DID MY FRIEND KILL HIMSELF? WHY DOES ANYONE?

BY C. FRED ALFORD

In this essay, C. Fred Alford looks at the private choice to end one’s life, moving past social silence to find the human reality behind the struggle. He reflects on the quiet tension between deep suffering and the persistent will to stay. The piece offers a clear, honest perspective on a difficult subject that many feel but few talk about openly.


THE END OF THE RULE OF LAW?

BY RAYMOND WACKS

Raymond Wacks asks if our legal systems can still protect us from the global rise of authoritarianism and political extremism. In his book, The Rule of Law Under Fire, he warns that we are losing the essential safeguards that prevent leaders from acting above the law. Can we restore trust in our institutions before the era of fair justice comes to an end?


REPRESENTATIONS OF THE HUMAN CONDITION

BY CRAIG MCDANIEL

Humans have always been driven to leave a visual trail, whether through ancient cave sketches or the latest family photo. By turning our raw experiences into symbols, we translate the world into something we can finally understand and share. This constant need to make pictures isn't just a hobby—it’s the defining spark of what makes us human.


René Magritte, La reproduction interdite (Not to be reproduced), 1937.

MORE RETHINKING MAGRITTE – THE UNCANNINESS OF THE Z-AXIS

BY CRAIG MCDANIEL

Why does a painting of a shattered window often feel more real than the actual view outside? Craig McDaniel digs into the brilliant mind of René Magritte to show how he intentionally broke the rules of perspective to startle our senses. This is a fresh look at a master of mystery who used simple, everyday objects to shake up our sense of reality.


“Catching your feeling” (2016) by Nicky Nodjoumi

ON EXILE

BY MEHRZAD BOROUJERDI

Mehrzad Boroujerdi reflects on fifty years of displacement to ask the haunting question: "where is my home?" He concludes that the exile’s true "voyage of discovery" is found in the unique intellectual paradox of "belonging to familiarity while remaining a stranger."


HANNAH ARENDT AND KANT ON EICHMANN AND THE BANALITY OF EVIL

BY HAIM MARANTZ

Haim Marantz looks at Hannah Arendt’s claim that Adolf Eichmann was a shallow man who just stopped thinking. Can someone help murder millions while only trying to get a promotion? Marantz uses Kant to show that evil starts when we let rules replace our own conscience.


DUBITO ERGO SUM

BY MIKHAIL EPSTEIN AND CLAUDE AI

What happens when an AI is invited to be the guest speaker at its own conference and delivers a paper it wrote entirely by itself? After Claude Opus 4.1 shared this unprecedented look into its own subjective experience, can we still assume that the voices behind our screens are incapable of true self-reflection and authorship?


 THE ROUNDTABLE

INTRODUCTION

BY ANDREW NORRIS

If culture is the cultivation of nature, its relationship to nature will be a dialectical one, in the Hegelian sense of the term.  Culture can neither be simply identified with nature, as in Socrates’ noble lie, nor categorically distinguished from it, as, say, cups are distinguished from knives, or rabbits from wolves...


RESPONSE TO CAHILL: WHAT STANLEY CAVELL CALLS SCEPTICISM

BY STEPHEN MULHALL

Thirty years ago, I published a book on Stanley Cavell’s work in which I argued that his version of ordinary language philosophy was deeply rooted in the values of liberal modernity, and – using the resources of Charles Taylor’s Sources of the Self – further claimed that some of the limitations of Cavell’s project could best be apprehended by appreciating its genealogical links with Christian patterns of thinking out of which that liberal modernity had grown, and by evaluating what had been lost as well as gained by the rise of that distinctively Western European mode of affirming the ordinary...


RESPONSE TO MULHALL

BY KEVIN M. CAHILL

Mulhall’s response to the third chapter of my book devotes much attention to Cavell’s 1989 essay “Declining Decline: Wittgenstein as a Philosopher of Culture”. In particular, he notes that my references to this essay are brief, perhaps surprisingly so, despite the fact that in a footnote I point out that it was this very essay that led me further to explore Cavell’s work...


A METAPHYSICS OF SEPARATENESS?

BY STINA BÄCKSTRÖM

What is it to be a human being and to understand oneself as such? This question is at stake in Kevin Cahill’s essay “Skepticism and the human condition”. There Cahill develops a criticism of Stanley Cavell’s thoughts on the self and the problem of skepticism. In the background of the essay, and the collection as such, is an important and difficult question, namely, how to understand the historical shift characteristic of secular Western modernity...


RESPONSE TO BÄCKSTRÖM

BY KEVIN M. CAHILL

By “queen of the sciences” I didn’t mean to assign to philosophical anthropology the position once held in some quarters by theology, in others by metaphysics. I meant instead to suggest the significance for philosophically informed anthropology or, alternatively, on anthropologically informed philosophy...


CAVELL’S MODERNISM

BY MARTIN SHUSTER

Kevin Cahill’s Towards a Philosophical Anthropology of Culture is a joy to read. It shows again why Wittgenstein’s thought remains such a font of insight and inspiration, and it also cuts to the heart of many current and pressing issues in philosophy and the humanities...


RESPONSE TO SHUSTER

BY KEVIN M. CAHILL

Martin Shuster quotes me as stating that, with regard to Cavell’s ontology of the self, the options are two: “what was there all along waiting to be liberated from the oppressive bonds of tradition was not a rational soul, but a compulsive neurotic”...


CAVELL’S AHISTORICAL SELF

BY NORA HÄMÄLÄINEN

Post-Wittgensteinian philosophy is known for a view of language as dependent on
contextually embedded practices, and a view of philosophy as attention to the complexity of our lives with language. If we follow these threads in habitual ways, they might be expected to lead in the direction of attention to the cultural and historical contingencies of our concepts, beliefs and values...


RESPONSE TO HÄMÄLÄINEN

BY KEVIN M. CAHILL

I wouldn’t dare to compare the achievements (or aspirations) of my book to Wittgenstein’s, but I will confess to being relieved and delighted to read the response by Nora Hämäläinen, who has read my book with understanding. But my relief and delight soon evaporated and turned to worry...


 FROM THE ARCHIVE

WHY MY FATHER BECAME A RABBI

BY ZEV SHANKEN

Zev Shanken captures the life of a father who carried the scars of WWII bombing missions into his later life as a rabbi and human rights activist. These poems connect major historical moments to intimate memories, like a spinning neon horse at a gas station that becomes a private landmark of childhood. It is a plain look at the stories our parents leave us and how we carry them through our own lives.


OUR CURRENT APOCALYPSE

BY MARTIN SHUSTER

Christian White Nationalism has moved from the political shadows to become the main engine driving American policy today. The movement fuses faith with race to treat political power as a divine right that sits above democratic rules. This shift explains why traditional political arguments fail to reach a group that views its struggle as a sacred battle.


DOING GOOD FACE-TO-FACE OR THROUGH PHILANTHROPY?

BY ISAAC GETZ AND LAURENT MARBACHER

Do we give to far-off, global causes while ignoring the person in need right in front of us? In their book, The Caring Company, Isaac Getz and Laurent Marbacher argue that genuine care is most powerful when it happens through the face-to-face connections we share with our neighbors and colleagues. They challenge leaders to rethink charity by focusing on the well-being of the real people who make our businesses and communities run every day.


DEGREES OF SEPARATION? MACHIAVELLI, ERASMUS, AND MORE

BY MICHAEL JACKSON AND DAMIAN GRACE

Michael Jackson and Damian Grace explore the real-life social network connecting Niccolò Machiavelli, Thomas More, and Erasmus, showing they were only a few "degrees of separation" apart. By tracking their mutual friends and travels across Renaissance Europe, the authors reveal how these legendary thinkers were far more linked than history books often suggest. The essay is an essential guide for anyone interested in the hidden history of political philosophy and the famous creators of The Prince and Utopia.


“THE PERFECT AS THE ENEMY OF THE GOOD”

BY MICHAEL K. LAUNER

In this review, Michael K. Launer discusses two recent books on nuclear disarmament, exploring the difficult history of nuclear control from the end of the Cold War to Ukraine's disarmament, and showing how the pursuit of ideal, perfect solutions often undermines smaller, more achievable progress in international relations.


A PALADIN PERSONALITY

BY STEVE DAVIDSON

Steve Davidson explores how the natural concentration of talent often creates a powerful elite, risking exploitation and social instability. He argues for the revival of the ancient ideal of the paladin — a modern defender with mental toughness, compassion and wisdom — to champion fairness. In a world where power is becoming increasingly centralised, how can we cultivate this 'paladin mindset' in ourselves and others to ensure justice for all?


FOOTBALL: LOVE AND WAR MINUS THE SHOOTING

BY DAVID COMFORT

David Comfort takes up Orwell's claim that sport is "war minus the shooting," examining the hyper-commercialized spectacle of American football from its Roman military roots to its modern, testosterone-driven status. Combining Freudian and anthropological insights, Comfort exposes the game’s tribal fanaticism and psycho-sexual undertones, ultimately arguing that it serves as a vital emotional outlet for the masses.


“THE WINTER OF OUR DISCONTENT MADE GLORIOUS SUMMER…”

BY JOHN BELL

A performance of Vivaldi's Four Seasons in a grand Parisian church leads John Bell to consider the modern world's spiritual recession. Bell argues that the "electronic miasma" of the digital age has fractured our attention, replacing genuine awe with soul-deadening distraction. His essay suggests that resisting this tide, and turning toward the real, is the only way to reclaim the "glorious summer" of a whole, present life.


WHEN HANNAH MET HEIDEGGER

BY PAUL B. DONOVAN

Paul B. Donovan discusses the intense, lifelong romantic and intellectual bond between Martin Heidegger and his student, Hannah Arendt. This controversial relationship endured despite Heidegger's strong Third Reich affiliations, which deeply conflicted with Arendt's status as a Jewish refugee and her groundbreaking work on totalitarianism. Arendt's decision to maintain their friendship and defend his philosophical legacy continues to spark vital scholarly debate about forgiveness, moral failing, and intellectual complicity.


EUROPE’S BLEAK FUTURE

BY JOHN J. MEARSHEIMER

In "Europe's Bleak Future," international relations scholar John J. Mearsheimer argues that the continent's stability is collapsing, and the West is primarily to blame for this outcome. He claims that America and its allies started the Ukraine war by constantly trying to expand NATO, and this costly conflict is now convincing the U.S. to pull its military focus away from Europe and toward competing with China. This shift is set to destroy NATO, removing the "American pacifier" that has kept the peace, and leaving Europe vulnerable to a chaotic and dangerous future.


'Raphael and the Domus Aurea: the invention of the grotesques', at Domus Aurea (Golden House) in Rome, built by Nero.

SIX DISCOVERIES THAT REWRITE HUMAN NATURE

BY JOHN V. WYLIE

Are humans naturally aggressive, or are we built for cooperation? This deep dive into six monumental discoveries in genetics, archaeology, and evolutionary psychiatry argues that our core nature is defined by layered social bonds, not brute competition, proving that systematic warfare is a late-stage invention that followed agriculture. Find out how the human drive to seek approval caused an explosion of intelligence, and why mental illnesses like schizophrenia now reveal the secrets of our species' earliest, cooperative design.


The Image of Christ Not Made by Hands. A fresco from the Church of Saints Constantine and Helena in Ohrid, Macedonia. Dating from the late 14th to early 15th century.

REBECCA WEST AND THE LOST WORLD OF YUGOSLAVIA

BY MARK C. JENSEN

Mark C. Jensen takes a fresh look at Rebecca West’s monumental 1941 work, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, an obsessive, thousand-page account of her travels through the volatile world of interwar Yugoslavia. West's fierce political and moral intelligence saw in the Balkans not just an exotic landscape, but a proving ground where she diagnosed the fatal, fin de siècle flaw of Western liberalism. Jensen shows how this travelogue transformed into a powerful, urgent prophecy about the choice between resistance and self-sacrificing martyrdom.


"I AM": JEWISH IDENTITY AND WESTERN PERSONHOOD

BY MARK GLOUBERMAN

Mark Glouberman bypasses the usual discourse on culture and creed to locate a deeper, philosophical root for Jewish identity. He argues that the Hebrew Bible's radical contribution wasn't merely monotheism, but the very conception of the autonomous individual—the "I am." This profound insight, Glouberman says, defines the essence of the Jew and simultaneously forms the bedrock of Western personhood itself.


RETHINKING SPINOZA

BY C. FRED ALFORD

Why is Spinoza experiencing a modern renaissance? In this article, C. Fred Alford explores the philosopher's radical concept of 'God or nature', his Stoic path to inner freedom, and the intricate connection between his ethical and political writings. Alford also asks why Spinoza's ideas on joy, order and human nature continue to fascinate and challenge readers.


THE ODD INKLING: CHARLES WILLIAMS’ NOVELS

BY JOHN PANTELEIMON MANOUSSAKIS

Often overshadowed by his fellow Inklings, Tolkien and Lewis, Charles Williams is perhaps the most enigmatic of the trio. This essay delves into his "supernatural thrillers," revealing them as profound explorations of Christian mysticism and complex theology. Discover the incantatory magic of Williams' work, where the Holy Grail, doppelgangers, and Platonic Ideas collide with the suburbs of England.


ON THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS

BY ANDREW MELNYK AND TONY SOBRADO

In this interview, philosopher Andrew Melnyk tackles the 'hard problem of consciousness,' exploring why physical brains produce rich subjective experiences. He discusses the challenges that consciousness poses to physicalism and examines competing theories like property dualism and representationalism. Melnyk explains his own position, suggesting that phenomenal experiences are a specific kind of representational property of our neural states.


AMERICA TODAY: “MY OPINION, RIGHT OR WRONG”

BY JOHN BELL

'Right or wrong, it's my opinion!'—this fierce certainty, fueled by social media's abstracting power, is ripping America's political fabric apart. Forget nuanced debate; today's discourse traps us in echo chambers, where challenging our pre-set views feels impossible. Discover how this retreat from complex realities denies the vital "coincidence of opposites" essential for a unified nation.


FAUST IS THE LAST TO KNOW THE DEVIL

BY ED SIMON

In 'Faust is the Last to Know the Devil,' Ed Simon uses the Faustian bargain as a metaphor for the political climate of the Trump era, arguing that many have sacrificed their principles for power. He introduces the concept of the 'Faustocene' to describe an age of immoral compromises, not just in politics, but in response to global issues like climate change. Ultimately, Simon suggests that recognizing the Faustian nature of current politics is key to resisting its dangers.


The Incredulity of Saint Thomas, Detail (1602) by Caravaggio

DO WE REALLY KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT WHAT JESUS SAID?

BY C. FRED ALFORD


She/She 1981, printed 2007, Linder at Tate Modern

REFLECTIONS ON MEMOIR

BY GLORIA A. LEVIN


ORIGIN, PRESENCE, AND TIME IN THE POETRY OF W.S. MERWIN

BY MARK IRWIN


ON TEACHING THE SOUND AND THE FURY

BY CHRISTINE ANN EVANS


The Bouquet and the Wreath by Araya Rasdjarmrearnsook

SANITY OR MADNESS?

BY STEVE DAVIDSON


Installation view of In Other Worlds: Acts of Translation at Focal Point Gallery, Southend-on-Sea

WRITING WITHOUT STYLE

BY STEVEN G. KELLMAN


Solaria at the Giubbe Rosse by Baccio Maria Bacci (1888 – 1974)

INTELLECT VS. REASON

BY MIKHAIL EPSTEIN


Le Monde selon l'AI at Jeu de Paume, Paris

THE LINE: AI AND THE FUTURE OF PERSONHOOD

BY JAMES BOYLE


Just Plain Forever (2019) by Duke Riley

HOW WE GOT HERE: CONSUMER CAPITALISM AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS

BY MARK STOLL


WHY HISTORY?

BY HAIM MARANTZ


THE INEFFABLE PASSIONS OF LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN

BY PAUL B. DONOVAN


Annie Leibovitz, Stream of Consciousness (Hauser & Wirth)

ON THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS

STEVEN PINKER & TONY SOBRADO


MORAL PARTICULARS IN LITERATURE

WILLIAM VAUGHAN


 

ON “THE DEATH OF IVAN ILYICH”

ELEFTHERIOS MAKEDONAS


Workshop of Joachim Beuckelaer (c. 1533 – c. 1570/4). Kitchen maid preparing meat with Christ in the House of Mary and Martha beyond. Estate of Francesco P. Zuccari.

MAKE THE KITCHEN MAID KING

SLAVOJ ŽIŽEK


BREADCRUMBS FOR BIRDS: A SEARCH FOR YOUR OTHER SELF

ROBERT STEWART


A FAIRER HOUSE THAN PROSE: TEACHING EMILY DICKINSON

BRAD CRENSHAW


MAN-DEVIL: THE MIND AND TIMES OF BERNARD MANDEVILLE

ROBERT RICH


 POETRY

The Kiss (1969), by Picasso

POEMS ON AGING

ZEV SHANKEN


TWO POEMS

BY JIM TILLEY


SONNETS

PETER AUSTIN


AT HADRIAN'S ARCH

ROYAL W.F. RHODES


 MORE...

SONS OF ICARUS: THE RISE & FALLS OF AMERICA’S LITERARY TRINITY

DAVID COMFORT


PUTIN, COMPATRIOTS, AND FELLOW COUNTRYMEN

D. WILLIAMS, M. YOUNG, AND M. LAUNER


BURYING THE MYSTERY: THE GRAVE OF EDGAR ALLEN POE

KAREN ALKALAY-GUT


A ROMP THROUGH RUEFLELAND

MARK IRWIN


ELIZABETH BISHOP’S LABOR OF LOVE: “NORTH HAVEN”

SAM MAGAVERN


WHAT’S WRONG WITH POPULISM?

RAYMOND WACKS


Churchill with Chamberlain, circa March 24, 1935.

THE COINCIDENCE OF OPPOSITES:

WINSTON CHURCHILL AND NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN

JOHN BELL


TEACHING MILOSZ: THE EVOLUTION OF A POET

IRA SADOFF


THE MOON BEHIND THE WINTER

HEATHER MCHUGH


THE SKY INSIDE THE FENCE

HEATHER MCHUGH


THE NEW CRUSADE

RAYMOND WACKS


POLITICAL FOOTNOTES TO EUSEBIUS

CONTRIBUTION OF THE EARLY CHURCH TO POLITICAL THOUGHT

HAIM MARANTZ


THE SCIENCE OF ONE

PHILOSOPHY BETWEEN SCIENCE AND MYSTICISM

URIAH KRIEGEL


ALTERNATIVE HISTORIES OF JESUS

FOUR NOVELS

C. FRED ALFORD


 KAFKA SERIES

Castle Garden by Paul Klee, 1931.

KAFKA TEACHES ME HOW TO TEACH KAFKA

JAMES MARTEL


ODRADEK

ON KAFKA AND WRITING

SEAN SINGER


IS THERE A RELIGIOUS MESSAGE TO KAFKA’S THE CASTLE?

HAIM MARANTZ


THE MESSIAH WHO COMES AND GOES

FRANZ KAFKA ON REDEMPTION, CONSPIRACY AND COMMUNITY

JAMES MARTEL


KAFKA REMAINS THE JEWISH PROPHET OF OBLIVION

ED SIMON


 ART

Wine and Words (detail) by Alan Feltus, 2004.

LIFE IN THE STUDIO

LANI IRWIN


LIFE IN THE STUDIO

ALAN FELTUS


PAULINA OLOWSKA ON PATROL

CRAIG MCDANIEL


 RUSSIA SERIES

RUSSIAN DEMOCRACY, STATE, AND NATION

D. WILLIAMS, M. YOUNG, AND M. LAUNER


THE MUNICH SECURITY CONFERENCE AND THE WORLD ORDER

T.S.TSONCHEV


PUTIN’S CRIMEA SPEECH

THE RHETORICAL USE OF HISTORICAL ANALOGY

D. WILLIAMS, M. YOUNG, AND M. LAUNER


REBEL WITH A CAUSE

MARIA ARBATOVA AND THE EARLY POST-SOVIET WOMEN’S MOVEMENT

ELISABETH RICH


 FROM THE ARCHIVES | 2024

The Tunnels Of Gaza (2024) by Antoine Janot

“VIVAS TO THOSE WHO HAVE FAIL’D”

TEACHING WALT WHITMAN

STEPHEN HAVEN


GAZA

WHEN THE COST OF WAR IS MUCH MORE THAN LIVES

CHRISTOPHER THORNTON


WHERE HAVE ALL THE CORINTHIANS GONE?

STEVE DAVIDSON


GREY MATTER

THE ECSTATIC TRUTH OF ROMANTIC NEUROSCIENCE

STUART TRENHOLM


THE PIECES

AN INTERVIEW WITH JAMES WILSON

PAUL WILLETTS


DOSTOYEVSKY’S SOLUTION TO KANT’S PROBLEM OF EVIL

HAIM MARANTZ


THE PROBLEM OF EVIL WON’T GO AWAY

ED SIMON AND RANDALL SULLIVAN


FROM FAME TO FOLLY

THE ORIGINS OF (POLITICAL) DEMORALIZATION

BRUCE CHAPMAN


FABRICATING DREAMS

ON HOW AN UNKNOWN PUBLISHER IN EDO JAPAN ENTICED THE WORLD

LAURA VIGO


WRITING THE SELF

MICHEL FOUCAULT


FOUR POEMS

ALAN ALTANY


ON TRANQUILLITY OF MIND

PLUTARCH


 FROM THE ARCHIVES | 2024

BERNARD STIEGLER

BERNARD STIEGLER: ELEMENTS OF PHARMACOLOGY

AN INTERVIEW WITH FELIX HEIDENREICH AND FLORIAN WEBER-STEIN


PHARMAKON

CULTURE AND REALITY

T.S.TSONCHEV


THE OTHERWORLDLY TRINITY

DEATH, DIVINITY AND DREAMS

DAVID COMFORT


GARY SOTO’S PILGRIMAGE

RON MCFARLAND


THE VILLAGE OF THE WATERWHEELS

JOHN BELL


READING SOLZHENITSYN FOR THE FIRST TIME

HAIM MARANTZ


Philip Larkin with his Rolleiflex, 1957. Photograph courtesy of Frances Lincoln, an imprint of Quarto Publishing Group

HEDGEHOGS, DEATH AND THE BEAUTY IN THE MUNDANE

HOW LARKIN CUTS SO DEEP

DANIEL SEIFERT


TO DEAL WITH INEQUALITY, IT MUST BE BETTER UNDERSTOOD

JON D. WISMAN


EDITH STEIN AND THE STATE

PHILIP NEWMAN LAWTON

 MYTH & TECH

Meiro Koizumi's Prometheus Bound at 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa

PROMETHEUS: A SYMPOSIUM


The widely acclaimed blockbuster film Oppenheimer opens with this caption: "Prometheus stole fire from the gods and gave it to man. For this he was chained to a rock and tortured for eternity." The film, based on Oppenheimer's biography American Prometheus, is only the latest popular retelling of the ancient Greek myth. The essays, published in The Montreal Review, are the result of a faculty-student workshop held at Virginia Tech in October 2023 to share research and foster conversation about contemporary uses of the myth of Prometheus.


THE STUBBORN AFTERLIVES OF THE PROMETHEUS MYTH

INTRODUCTION BY BRIAN BRITT


PROMETHEUS

BY LORD BYRON


WORKING ON MODERNITY. HANS BLUMENBERG READS PROMETHEUS

BY DANIEL WEIDNER


OPPENHEIMER AS HERMES, GOD OF THE INFORMATION AGE

BY JANELL WATSON


WHY THE MYTH OF PROMETHEUS HAUNTS TALK OF TECHNOLOGY?

BY LEE VINSEL


FRANKEN-MYTHBUSTERS: MARY SHELLEY’S FRANKENSTEIN EXPOSES THE PATRIARCHAL PROMETHEUS

BY SOPHIA SCARFE


UNBINDING MYTH WITH LITERATURE IN SHELLEY, FLAUBERT, AND DU BOIS

BY BRIAN BRITT


PROMETHEUS REDUX: ALIEN PREQUELS, CREATION MYTH, AND THE ENCHANTMENT OF TECHNOSCIENCE

BY ZHANGE NI


PROMETHEANISM, OBSOLESCENCE, AND THE POLITICS OF CONSPIRACY THEORY

BY SAMUEL BECKENHAUER

  ESSAYS

THE WILD GODS OF BARBARA EHRENREICH AND WILLIAM JAMES

C. FRED ALFORD


WHAT DOES TRUTH MEAN?

SAM MAGAVERN


IS WESTERN CULTURE LOSING ITS MIND? 

STEVE DAVIDSON


WHAT TO EXPECT OF LIFE?

STEVEN G. KELLMAN

  ART & STYLE

Jocelyn Hobbie, Sun Facing, 2022, oil painting, 18 x 18 inches. Image courtesy Fredericks & Freiser, NY

ON BALANCE

LORRAINE SHEMESH


EXCREMENTAL MIRTH

HOW HUMOUR LAID THE WORLD BARE, FROM THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT

KATHARINA VAN CAUTEREN


WHY ARE THERE SO MANY GREAT PAINTINGS OF WOMEN BY WOMEN RIGHT NOW?

CRAIG MCDANIEL


TWO ZEN INK PAINTINGS OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY

PAUL SCHOLLMEIER

  CONVERSATIONS

AN INTERVIEW WITH THE PHILOSOPHER FRANK JACKSON

TONY SOBRADO


LIFE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND EVOLUTION

A DIALOGUE BETWEEN A PHILOSOPHER AND A BIOLOGIST

MIKHAIL EPSTEIN AND EUGENE KOONIN


CREATIVE CONJECTURE

AN (ADDITIONAL) INTERVIEW WITH JEAN-LUC BEAUCHARD

A.T. STOJKOVICH


LEE OSER | AN INTERVIEW

JEFFREY BURNOP

  FICTION & POETRY

Ovid’s Creek #1, by Monica Angle

A DAY IN THE DESERT UNLIKE ANY OTHER

FICTION

ANDREW MCKENNA


FOUR POEMS FROM OVID’S CREEK

SAM MAGAVERN


  BOOKS & REVIEWS

Simone de Beauvoir, Paris, France, 1952. (Gisele Freund/Researchers History/Getty Images)

“WHO SHALL I TAKE AS MY EXAMPLE? WHO SHALL I LEARN FROM?”

NINA BERBEROVA AND SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR

IRINA VINOKUROVA


VEILS OF DISTORTION

HOW THE NEWS MEDIA WARPS OUR MINDS

JOHN ZADA


THE GODFATHER OF “SOFT POWER”

FEN OSLER HAMPSON


ORDINARY MEN

CHRISTOPHER R. BROWNING



MONTREAL REVIEW CONTRIBUTOR'S ESSAY COLLECTION HONORED



 

 

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